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Rules for Title Case Headlines

The four major style guides — MLA, APA, AP, and Chicago — don't agree on every detail, but they share a few core rules:

• Always capitalize the first and last word of the title.
• Capitalize the major words: nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs.
• Capitalize the first word that follows a colon or other sentence-ending punctuation in a subtitle.

Words That Aren't Capitalized

The minor words are generally left lowercase (unless they begin or end the title):

• Articles: a, an, the
• Coordinating conjunctions: and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet
• Short prepositions: of, to, in, on, at, by

The styles differ on length: MLA and Chicago lowercase these words no matter how long they are, while AP and APA capitalize any word of four letters or more.